Next-generation GST reforms, as announced by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi from the ramparts of Red Fort on 15th August 2025, represent a strategic, principled, and citizen-centric evolution of a landmark tax framework, which will enhance the quality of life of every last citizen

GST Council approves reforms with a multi-sectoral and multi-thematic focus on improving the lives of all citizens and ensuring ease of doing business for all, including small traders and businessmen

GST Council approves rate rationalisation with a focus on Common-man, Labour-intensive Industries, Farmers and Agriculture, Health, Key Drivers of the economy

Exemption of GST on all individual life insurance policies whether term life, ULIP or endowment policies and reinsurance thereof to make insurance affordable for the common man and increase the insurance coverage in the country.

Exemption of GST on all individual health insurance policies (including family floater policies and policies for senior citizens) and reinsurance thereof to make insurance affordable for the common man and increase the insurance coverage in the country

Rationalisation of the current 4-tiered tax rate structure into a citizen-friendly 'Simple Tax' - a 2 rate structure with a Standard Rate of 18% and a Merit Rate of 5%; a special de-merit rate of 40% for a select few goods and services

Reduction of GST from 18% OR 12% to 5% on a host of common man items such as, hair oil, toilet soap bars, shampoos, toothbrushes, toothpaste, Bicycles, Tableware, kitchenware, other household articles, et al

Reduction of GST from 5% to NIL on Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) milk, Prepackaged and labelled chena or paneer; All the Indian Breads will see NIL rates (Chapati or roti, paratha, parotta, etc)
Reduction of GST from 12% OR 18% to 5% on almost all of the food items such as packaged namkeens, Bhujia, Sauces, Pasta, Instant Noodles, Chocolates, Coffee, Preserved Meat, Cornflakes, Butter, Ghee, etc.

Reduction of GST from 28% to 18% on Air-conditioning machines, TVs~32 inch (all TVs now at 18%), Dishwashing machines, Small cars, Motorcycles equal to or less than 350 CC

Reduction of GST from 12% to 5% on agricultural goods, such as tractors, agricultural, horticultural or forestry machinery for soil preparation or cultivation, harvesting or threshing machinery, including straw or fodder balers, grass or hay mowers, composting machines etc

Reduction of GST from 12% to 5% on labour intensive goods such as Handicrafts, Marble and travertine blocks, granite blocks, and Intermediate leather goods

Reduction of GST from 28% to 18% on Cement

Reduction of GST from 12% to NIL on 33 lifesaving drugs and medicines and from 5% to NIL on 3 lifesaving drugs & medicines used for treatment of cancer, rare diseases and other severe chronic diseases.

Reduction of GST on all other drugs and medicines from 12% to 5%.

Reduction of GST from 18% to 5% on various medical apparatus and devices used for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary usage or for physical or chemical analysis

Reduction of GST from 12% to 5% on various medical equipment and supplies devices such as wadding gauze, bandages, diagnostic kits and reagents, blood glucose monitoring system (Glucometer) medical devices, etc

Reduction of GST from 28% to 18% on Small Cars and Motorcycles equal to or below 350cc

Reduction of GST from 28% to 18% on buses, trucks, ambulances etc

Uniform rate of 18% on all auto parts irrespective of their HS code; Three-Wheelers from 28% to 18%

Correction of long-pending inverted duty structure for the manmade textile sector by reducing GST rate on manmade fibre from 18% to 5% and manmade yarn from 12% to 5%

Correction of inverted duty structure in fertilizer sector by reducing GST from 18% to 5% on Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid and Ammonia

Reduction of GST from 12% to 5% on renewable energy devices and parts for their manufacture

Reduction of GST from 12% to 5% on "Hotel Accommodation" services having value less than or equal to Rs. 7,500 per unit per day or equivalent

Reduction of GST from 18% to 5% on beauty and physical well-being services used by common man including services of gyms, salons, barbers, yoga centres, etc

GST Council recommends operationalisation of Goods and Services Tax Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT) for accepting appeals before end of September and to commence hearing before end of December 2025

GST Council recommends GST rates on services will be implemented with effect from 22nd September 2025

The 56th meeting of the GST Council was held in New Delhi under the chairpersonship of the Union Finance & Corporate Affairs Minister Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman. The GST Council inter-alia made the recommendations relating to changes in GST tax rates, provide relief to individuals, common man, aspirational middle class and measures for facilitation of trade in GST. FAQs are also being issued for clarification of doubts. The recommendations made by the 56th GST Council are as below:

A. CHANGES IN GST RATES OF GOODS AND SERVICES

The HSN wise rate changes are at Annexure -I and sector wise rate changes are at Annexure -II

The HSN wise rate changes are at Annexure -III and Sector wise rate changes are at Annexure -IV.

The Council was of the view that the changes in GST rates of goods and services need to be implemented with effect from 22nd September 2025. However, keeping in view the requirement of funds to fulfill the obligation under the compensation cess account, the Council decided that the changes in GST rates may be implemented in a phased manner as follows:

B. MEASURES FOR FACILITATION OF TRADE

The Goods and Services Tax Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT) will be made operational for accepting appeals before end of September and will commence hearing before end of December this year. The Council also recommended the date of 30.06.2026 for limitation of filing of backlog appeals. The Principal Bench of the GSTAT will also serve as the National Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling. These measures will significantly strengthen the institutional framework of GST by providing a robust mechanism for dispute resolution, ensuring consistency in advance rulings, and offering greater certainty to taxpayers. This will further enhance trust, transparency, and ease of doing business under the GST regime.

1. Press release
2. Press Meeting
3. Annexure I TO V
4. FAQ's - I
5. FAQ's - II